Updated lib version

Improved cli and readme

Cargo.lock

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ checksum = "f8ca58f447f06ed17d5fc4043ce1b10dd205e060fb3ce5b979b8ed8e59ff3f79"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mist-lang"
-version = "0.0.1-alpha2"
+version = "0.0.2-alpha0"
 dependencies = [
  "mist-parser",
  "serde",
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mist-parser"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.1.1"
 dependencies = [
  "pest",
  "pest_derive",

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "mist-lang"
-version = "0.0.1-alpha2"
+version = "0.0.2-alpha0"
 edition = "2024"
 description = "The Mist programming language compiler"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ categories = ["compilers"]
 [dependencies]
 serde = { version = "1.0.228", features = ["serde_derive"] }
 serde_json = "1.0.149"
-mist-parser = { path = "./parser", version = "0.1.0"}
+mist-parser = { path = "./parser", version = "0.1.1"}
 
 [[bin]]
 name = "mist"

README.md

@@ -4,13 +4,9 @@
 Originally this readme was part of the Carbon Language project, licensed with Apache-2.0
 -->
 
-<!-- <p align="center">
+<p align="center">
-  <a href="#why-build-carbon">Why?</a> |
+  <a href="https://mist.selimaj.dev">Documentation</a>
-  <a href="#language-goals">Goals</a> |
+</p>
-  <a href="#project-status">Status</a> |
-  <a href="#getting-started">Getting started</a> |
-  <a href="#join-us">Join us</a>
-</p> -->
 
 
 <img src="code.png" align="right" width="575" alt="">

mist-test/src/app.mist

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use <super::task>;
 use <super::logger>;
 use <super::event>;
 
-public class Application {
+pub class Application {
     String name;
 
     Vec<task::Task> tasks;
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public class Application {
     bool running;
     i32 ticks;
 
-    public constructor(str* name) {
+    pub constructor(str* name) {
         self.name = name.to_string();
 
         self.tasks = new Vec();
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public class Application {
         self.ticks = 0;
     }
 
-    public void boot(self mut*) {
+    pub void boot(self mut*) {
         self.logger.info("booting application");
 
         self.running = true;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public class Application {
         self.emit(event::Event::Startup);
     }
 
-    public void run(self mut*) {
+    pub void run(self mut*) {
         while(self.running) {
             self.tick();
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public class Application {
         println!("tasks: {}", self.tasks.len());
     }
 
-    public void shutdown(self mut*) {
+    pub void shutdown(self mut*) {
         self.emit(event::Event::Shutdown);
 
         self.logger.warning("shutdown");
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class Application {
         self.running = false;
     }
 
-    public void register_plugin(self mut*, String name) {
+    pub void register_plugin(self mut*, String name) {
         self.plugins.push(name.clone());
 
         self.emit(event::Event::PluginLoaded(name));

mist-test/src/event.mist

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-public enum Event {
+pub enum Event {
     Startup,
     Shutdown,
     TaskExecuted(String),

mist-test/src/logger.mist

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
+use <std::fmt::Formatter>;
 use <std::fmt>;
 
-public trait TestLogging<T: fmt::Display>: fmt::Display {
+pub trait TestLogging<T: fmt::Display>: fmt::Display {
     String get();
 }
 
-public enum LogLevel {
+pub enum LogLevel {
     Info,
     Warning,
     Error,
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for LogLevel {
-    std::fmt::Result fmt(self*, std::fmt::Formatter<'_> mut* f) {
+    fmt::Result fmt(self*, Formatter<'_> mut* f) {
         match (self) {
             LogLevel::Info => {
                 return write!(f, "[INFO]");
@@ -28,22 +29,22 @@ impl fmt::Display for LogLevel {
     }
 }
 
-public class Logger {
+pub class Logger {
     String prefix;
 
-    public constructor(str* prefix) {
+    pub constructor(str* prefix) {
         self.prefix = prefix.to_string();
     }
 
-    public void info(self*, str* message) {
+    pub void info(self*, str* message) {
         self.log(LogLevel::Info, message);
     }
 
-    public void warning(self*, str* message) {
+    pub void warning(self*, str* message) {
         self.log(LogLevel::Warning, message);
     }
 
-    public void error(self*, str* message) {
+    pub void error(self*, str* message) {
         self.log(LogLevel::Error, message);
     }
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ public class Logger {
     }
 
     impl fmt::Display {
-        std::fmt::Result fmt(self*, std::fmt::Formatter<'_> mut* f) {
+        fmt::Result fmt(self*, Formatter<'_> mut* f) {
             return write!(f, "logger ({})", self.prefix);
         }
     }

mist-test/src/main.mist

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-mod app;
+pub mod app;
-mod task;
+pub mod task;
-mod plugin;
+pub mod plugin;
-mod logger;
+pub mod logger;
-mod event;
+pub mod event;
 
 void main() {
     var mut app_instance = new app::Application("mist-app");

mist-test/src/plugin.mist

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-public struct PluginInfo {
+pub struct PluginInfo {
-    public String name,
+    pub String name,
-    public String version,
+    pub String version,
 }
 
-public class PluginRegistry<T> {
+pub class PluginRegistry<T> {
     T plugins;
 
-    public constructor(T plugins) {
+    pub constructor(T plugins) {
         self.plugins = plugins;
     }
 
-    public T plugins(self) {
+    pub T plugins(self) {
         return self.plugins;
     }
 }

mist-test/src/task.mist

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-public enum TaskState {
+pub enum TaskState {
     Pending,
     Running,
     Finished,
     Failed,
 }
 
-public struct Task {
+pub struct Task {
-    public String name,
+    pub String name,
-    public TaskState state,
+    pub TaskState state,
-    public i32 executions,
+    pub i32 executions,
 }
 
-public Task create_task(str* name) {
+pub Task create_task(str* name) {
     return Task {
         name: name.to_string(),
         state: TaskState::Pending,

parser/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "mist-parser"
-version = "0.1.0"
+version = "0.1.1"
 edition = "2024"
 description = "The Mist programming language parser"
 license = "Apache-2.0"

parser/src/ast.rs

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ pub enum TypePostfix {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub enum Visibility {
     Public,
+    PublicTarget(Path),
     Private,
 }
 
@@ -72,8 +73,8 @@ pub struct TopLevel(pub TopLevelKind, pub Vec<Attribute>);
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
 pub enum TopLevelKind {
     ModAttribute,
-    Import(Path),
+    Import(Visibility, Path),
-    Mod(Identifier),
+    Mod(Visibility, Identifier),
     ImplDecl(ImplDecl),
     TraitDecl {
         visibility: Visibility,
@@ -271,3 +272,9 @@ pub enum Literal {
     Bool(bool),
     Tuple(Vec<Expression>),
 }
+
+impl TypeExpr {
+    pub fn no_px(kind: TypeExprKind) -> Self {
+        Self(kind, Vec::new())
+    }
+}

parser/src/error.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+
+use pest::iterators::Pair;
+
+use crate::Rule;
+
+pub type AstResult<'a, T, ET = T> = Result<T, AstError<'a, ET>>;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum ParseError<'a, T> {
+    PreAst(pest::error::Error<Rule>),
+    Ast(AstError<'a, T>),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct AstError<'a, T> {
+    pub span: pest::Span<'a>,
+    pub error_code: ErrorCode,
+    pub error_message: String,
+    pub recovered: Option<T>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum ErrorCode {
+    InvalidStatement,
+    AstGenBug,
+}
+
+impl<T> From<pest::error::Error<Rule>> for ParseError<'_, T> {
+    fn from(value: pest::error::Error<Rule>) -> Self {
+        Self::PreAst(value)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, T> From<AstError<'a, T>> for ParseError<'a, T> {
+    fn from(value: AstError<'a, T>) -> Self {
+        Self::Ast(value)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, F> AstError<'a, F> {
+    pub fn get<T>(self) -> AstError<'a, T> {
+        AstError {
+            span: self.span,
+            error_code: self.error_code,
+            error_message: self.error_message,
+            recovered: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn bug_unimplemented<T>(pair: Pair<'a, Rule>) -> AstResult<'a, T, F> {
+        Err(Self {
+            span: pair.as_span(),
+            error_code: ErrorCode::AstGenBug,
+            error_message: format!("Possible bug, unimplemented: {:#?}", pair.as_rule()),
+            recovered: None,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait IntoErr<T, FA, FR> {
+    fn get(self) -> T;
+    fn get_map(self, m: impl Fn(FA) -> FR) -> T;
+}
+
+impl<'a, T, TE, TE2> IntoErr<AstResult<'a, T, TE2>, TE, TE2> for AstResult<'a, T, TE> {
+    fn get(self) -> AstResult<'a, T, TE2> {
+        self.map_err(AstError::get)
+    }
+
+    fn get_map(self, m: impl Fn(TE) -> TE2) -> AstResult<'a, T, TE2> {
+        self.map_err(|e| AstError {
+            span: e.span,
+            error_code: e.error_code,
+            error_message: e.error_message,
+            recovered: e.recovered.map(m),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait GetLength {
+    fn len(&self) -> usize;
+}
+
+impl<T, E> GetLength for Result<Vec<T>, E> {
+    fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        if let Ok(v) = self { v.len() } else { 0 }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn collect_recovered<'a, T: Debug, ET>(
+    pairs: impl Iterator<Item = pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>>,
+) -> AstResult<'a, Vec<T>, Vec<T>>
+where
+    T: TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>, Error = AstError<'a, ET>>,
+{
+    collect_recovered_map(pairs, T::try_from)
+}
+
+pub fn collect_recovered_map<'a, T: Debug, F, ET>(
+    pairs: impl Iterator<Item = pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>>,
+    f: F,
+) -> AstResult<'a, Vec<T>, Vec<T>>
+where
+    F: Fn(pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> AstResult<'a, T, ET>,
+{
+    let mut items = Vec::new();
+    let mut last_error: Option<AstError<'a, ET>> = None;
+
+    for pair in pairs {
+        match f(pair) {
+            Ok(item) => items.push(item),
+            Err(e) => {
+                last_error = Some(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    match last_error {
+        Some(ast_err) => Err(AstError {
+            span: ast_err.span,
+            error_code: ast_err.error_code,
+            error_message: ast_err.error_message,
+            recovered: Some(items),
+        }),
+        None => Ok(items),
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct AstErrorAnalyzer<'a, T>(pub Option<AstError<'a, T>>);
+
+impl<'a, T> AstErrorAnalyzer<'a, T> {
+    pub fn get<V: Clone, V2: Clone + Into<V>>(
+        &mut self,
+        r: AstResult<'a, V, V2>,
+    ) -> AstResult<'a, V, V2> {
+        if let Err(e) = r {
+            self.0 = Some(e.clone().get());
+
+            if let Some(recovered) = e.recovered {
+                Ok(recovered.into())
+            } else {
+                Err(e)
+            }
+        } else {
+            r
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn build(self, v: T) -> AstResult<'a, T> {
+        if let Some(mut e) = self.0 {
+            e.recovered = Some(v);
+
+            Err(e)
+        } else {
+            Ok(v)
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/grammar.pest

@@ -48,10 +48,18 @@ program = {
 // MODIFIERS
 // ======================================================
 
-export  = { "public" }
+visibility = { "pub" ~ ("(" ~ static_path ~ ")")? }
 mutable    = { "mut" }
 var        = { "var" }
 
+// ======================================================
+// ERROR RECOVERY
+// ======================================================
+
+unexpected_statement = {
+    (!(semicolon | "}" | statement) ~ ANY)+
+}
+
 // ======================================================
 // GENERICS
 // ======================================================
@@ -154,7 +162,7 @@ var_decl = {
 }
 
 field = {
-    export? ~ type_expr ~ identifier
+    visibility? ~ type_expr ~ identifier
 }
 
 field_list = {
@@ -170,11 +178,11 @@ param_list = {
 // ======================================================
 
 import = {
-    "use" ~ "<" ~ static_path ~ ">" ~ semicolon
+    visibility? ~ "use" ~ "<" ~ static_path ~ ">" ~ semicolon
 }
 
 mod_package = {
-    "mod" ~ identifier ~ semicolon
+    visibility? ~ "mod" ~ identifier ~ semicolon
 }
 
 // ======================================================
@@ -182,7 +190,7 @@ mod_package = {
 // ======================================================
 
 struct_decl = {
-    export? ~ "struct" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "{" ~ field_list? ~ "}"
+    visibility? ~ "struct" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "{" ~ field_list? ~ "}"
 }
 
 // ======================================================
@@ -212,7 +220,7 @@ enum_fields = _{
 }
 
 enum_decl = {
-    export? ~ "enum" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "{" ~ enum_fields ~ "}"
+    visibility? ~ "enum" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "{" ~ enum_fields ~ "}"
 }
 
 // ======================================================
@@ -220,7 +228,7 @@ enum_decl = {
 // ======================================================
 
 class_constructor = {
-    export? ~ "constructor" ~ generics? ~ "(" ~ param_list? ~ ")" ~ block
+    visibility? ~ "constructor" ~ generics? ~ "(" ~ param_list? ~ ")" ~ block
 }
 
 class_fields = {
@@ -236,7 +244,7 @@ self_param = {
 }
 
 method = {
-    export? ~ type_expr ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "(" ~ self_param? ~ ("," ~ param_list?)? ~ ")" ~ block
+    visibility? ~ type_expr ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "(" ~ self_param? ~ ("," ~ param_list?)? ~ ")" ~ block
 }
 
 class_item = _{
@@ -245,7 +253,7 @@ class_item = _{
 }
 
 class_decl = {
-    export? ~ "class" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "{" ~ class_fields ~ class_constructor ~ class_item* ~ "}"
+    visibility? ~ "class" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "{" ~ class_fields ~ class_constructor ~ class_item* ~ "}"
 }
 
 // ======================================================
@@ -265,7 +273,7 @@ impl_decl = {
 trait_requirements = { ":" ~ type_expr_param ~ ("+" ~ type_expr_param)* }
 
 method_no_body = {
-    export? ~ type_expr ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "(" ~ self_param? ~ ("," ~ param_list?)? ~ ")" ~ semicolon
+    visibility? ~ type_expr ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ "(" ~ self_param? ~ ("," ~ param_list?)? ~ ")" ~ semicolon
 }
 
 trait_item = _{
@@ -274,7 +282,7 @@ trait_item = _{
 }
 
 trait_decl = {
-    export? ~ "trait" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ trait_requirements? ~ "{" ~ trait_item* ~ "}"
+    visibility? ~ "trait" ~ identifier ~ generics? ~ trait_requirements? ~ "{" ~ trait_item* ~ "}"
 }
 
 // ======================================================
@@ -282,7 +290,7 @@ trait_decl = {
 // ======================================================
 
 function_decl = {
-    export? ~ type_expr ~ identifier ~ "(" ~ param_list? ~ ")" ~ block
+    visibility? ~ type_expr ~ identifier ~ "(" ~ param_list? ~ ")" ~ block
 }
 
 // ======================================================
@@ -299,11 +307,7 @@ top_level = {
 // ======================================================
 
 block = {
-    "{" ~ statement_list ~ "}"
+    "{" ~ (statement | unexpected_statement)* ~ "}"
-}
-
-statement_list = {
-    statement*
 }
 
 statement = _{
@@ -353,8 +357,10 @@ assign_statement = {
 // CONDITIONALS
 // ------------------------------------------------------
 
+statement_branch = { "(" ~ expr ~ ")" ~ statement }
+
 else_if = {
-    "else" ~ "if" ~ "(" ~ expr ~ ")" ~ statement
+    "else" ~ "if" ~ statement_branch
 }
 
 else_if_list = {
@@ -362,7 +368,7 @@ else_if_list = {
 }
 
 if_stmt = {
-    "if" ~ "(" ~ expr ~ ")" ~ statement ~ else_if_list ~ ("else" ~ statement)?
+    "if" ~ statement_branch ~ else_if_list ~ ("else" ~ statement)?
 }
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------
@@ -370,7 +376,7 @@ if_stmt = {
 // ------------------------------------------------------
 
 while_stmt = {
-    "while" ~ "(" ~ expr ~ ")" ~ statement
+    "while" ~ statement_branch
 }
 
 c_for_stmt = {

parser/src/lib.rs

@@ -2,830 +2,71 @@ use pest::Parser;
 use pest_derive::Parser;
 
 pub mod ast;
+pub mod error;
+pub mod parser;
 
 use ast::*;
 
+use crate::error::{IntoErr, ParseError};
+
 #[derive(Parser)]
 #[grammar = "./src/grammar.pest"]
 pub struct MistParser;
 
-// convenience alias for pest errors
+pub fn parse<'a>(source: &'a str) -> Result<Vec<TopLevel>, ParseError<'a, Vec<TopLevel>>> {
-pub type ParseError = pest::error::Error<Rule>;
-
-pub fn parse(source: &str) -> Result<Vec<TopLevel>, ParseError> {
     let mut pairs = MistParser::parse(Rule::program, source)?;
 
     let mut statements = vec![];
 
+    let mut analyzer = error::AstErrorAnalyzer(None);
+
     for pair in pairs.next().unwrap().into_inner() {
         if pair.as_rule() != Rule::EOI {
-            statements.push(TopLevel::from(pair));
+            statements.push(analyzer.get(TopLevel::try_from(pair)).get()?);
         }
     }
 
-    Ok(statements)
+    match analyzer.build(statements) {
-}
+        Ok(v) => Ok(v),
-
+        Err(e) => Err(ParseError::Ast(e)),
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for TypeExpr {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::type_expr => TypeExpr(
-                TypeExprKind::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                inner.map(TypePostfix::from).collect(),
-            ),
-            Rule::type_expr_param => TypeExpr::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-            Rule::lifetime => TypeExpr(
-                TypeExprKind::Lifetime(Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-                Vec::new(),
-            ),
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for TypePostfix {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::ref_type => {
-                let mutable = listen_rule(&mut inner, Rule::mutable);
-                let lifetime = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::lifetime)
-                    .map(|pair| Identifier::from(pair.into_inner().next().unwrap()));
-
-                if mutable {
-                    if let Some(lifetime) = lifetime {
-                        TypePostfix::RefMutLifetime(lifetime)
-                    } else {
-                        TypePostfix::RefMut
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    if let Some(lifetime) = lifetime {
-                        TypePostfix::RefLifetime(lifetime)
-                    } else {
-                        TypePostfix::Ref
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for TypeExprKind {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::tuple_type => TypeExprKind::Tuple(inner.map(TypeExpr::from).collect()),
-            Rule::path_type => {
-                let path = Path::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-                let params = inner.map(TypeExpr::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-
-                if params.len() == 0 {
-                    TypeExprKind::Path(path)
-                } else {
-                    TypeExprKind::PathParams(path, params)
-                }
-            }
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Path {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        match pair.as_rule() {
-            Rule::static_path => Path(pair.into_inner().map(Identifier::from).collect()),
-            _ => unimplemented!("{pair:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for ParamList {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<Rule>) -> Self {
-        ParamList(pair.into_inner().map(VarDecl::from).collect())
     }
 }
 
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Attribute {
+#[macro_export]
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
+macro_rules! ast_ensure {
-        match pair.as_rule() {
+    ($pair:expr, $rule:expr => $body:block) => {
-            Rule::attribute => {
+        if $pair.as_rule() == $rule
-                // unwrap #[ ... ]
+            $body
-                Attribute::from(pair.into_inner().next().unwrap())
+        else {
-            }
+            Err(AstError {
-
+                span: $pair.as_span(),
-            Rule::meta => {
+                error_code: crate::error::ErrorCode::AstGenBug,
-                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+                error_message: format!("Possible bug: expected {:?}, got {}", $rule, $pair),
-
+                recovered: None,
-                // first item is always the path
-                let path = Path::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-
-                // check what comes next
-                match inner.next() {
-                    None => {
-                        // #[path]
-                        Attribute::Path(path)
-                    }
-
-                    Some(next) => match next.as_rule() {
-                        Rule::primary => {
-                            // #[path = literal]
-                            Attribute::NameValue {
-                                path,
-                                value: Literal::from(next),
-                            }
-                        }
-
-                        Rule::meta_list => {
-                            // #[path(...)]
-                            let items = next.into_inner().map(Attribute::from).collect();
-
-                            Attribute::List { path, items }
-                        }
-
-                        _ => unreachable!("unexpected rule in meta: {:?}", next.as_rule()),
-                    },
-                }
-            }
-
-            Rule::meta_list => {
-                // This case usually won't be hit directly,
-                // but it's nice to keep it safe if reused
-                let items = pair.into_inner().map(Attribute::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-
-                // NOTE: this shouldn't normally construct an Attribute alone
-                // but you can panic or wrap depending on your design
-                panic!("meta_list should be handled inside meta: {:?}", items);
-            }
-
-            _ => unreachable!("unexpected rule: {:?}", pair.as_rule()),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for TopLevel {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-        let attributes = inner
-            .next()
-            .unwrap()
-            .into_inner()
-            .map(Attribute::from)
-            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
-
-        TopLevel(
-            inner
-                .next()
-                .map(TopLevelKind::from)
-                .unwrap_or(TopLevelKind::ModAttribute),
-            attributes,
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for StatementBranch {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-        let condition = Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-        let body = Statement::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-
-        StatementBranch {
-            condition,
-            body: Box::new(body),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for ClassConstructor {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-        let visibility = Visibility::from(&mut inner);
-
-        let generics = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-            .map(Generics::from)
-            .unwrap_or_default();
-
-        let params = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::param_list)
-            .map(ParamList::from)
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| ParamList(Vec::new()));
-
-        Self {
-            visibility,
-            generics,
-            params,
-            body: Block::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Generics {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::generics => Generics(
-                inner
-                    .map(|pair| {
-                        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-                        if let Some(pair) = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::lifetime) {
-                            Generic::Lifetime(Identifier::from(pair.into_inner().next().unwrap()))
-                        } else {
-                            Generic::Type(
-                                Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                                inner.map(TypeExpr::from).collect(),
-                            )
-                        }
             })
-                    .collect(),
-            ),
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for TopLevelKind {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::import => TopLevelKind::Import(Path::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-
-            Rule::function_decl => TopLevelKind::FunctionDecl(FunctionDecl::from(pair)),
-
-            Rule::struct_decl => TopLevelKind::StructDecl {
-                visibility: Visibility::from(&mut inner),
-                name: Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-                    .map(Generics::from)
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                fields: inner
-                    .next()
-                    .map(|pair| pair.into_inner().map(FieldDecl::from).collect())
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-            },
-
-            Rule::class_decl => TopLevelKind::ClassDecl {
-                visibility: Visibility::from(&mut inner),
-                name: Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-                    .map(Generics::from)
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                fields: inner
-                    .next()
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .into_inner()
-                    .map(FieldDeclStmt::from)
-                    .collect(),
-                constructor: ClassConstructor::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                items: inner.into_iter().map(ClassItem::from).collect(),
-            },
-
-            Rule::enum_decl => TopLevelKind::EnumDecl {
-                visibility: Visibility::from(&mut inner),
-                name: Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-                    .map(Generics::from)
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                fields: inner.map(EnumItem::from).collect(),
-            },
-
-            Rule::mod_package => TopLevelKind::Mod(Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-
-            Rule::impl_for_decl | Rule::impl_decl => TopLevelKind::ImplDecl(ImplDecl::from(pair)),
-
-            Rule::trait_decl => TopLevelKind::TraitDecl {
-                visibility: Visibility::from(&mut inner),
-                name: Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-                    .map(Generics::from)
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                requirements: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::trait_requirements)
-                    .map(|pair| pair.into_inner().map(TypeExpr::from).collect())
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                items: inner.map(FunctionDecl::from).collect(),
-            },
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for ClassItem {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::impl_decl | Rule::impl_for_decl => ClassItem::ImplDecl(ImplDecl::from(pair)),
-
-            Rule::method => ClassItem::Method(FunctionDecl::from(pair)),
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for ImplDecl {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::impl_for_decl => ImplDecl {
-                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-                    .map(Generics::from)
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                trait_: Some(TypeExpr::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-                target: TypeExpr::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                methods: inner.map(FunctionDecl::from).collect(),
-            },
-
-            Rule::impl_decl => ImplDecl {
-                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-                    .map(Generics::from)
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-                trait_: None,
-                target: TypeExpr::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                methods: inner.map(FunctionDecl::from).collect(),
-            },
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for EnumItem {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::enum_named => EnumItem::Named(Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-
-            Rule::enum_tuple => EnumItem::Tuple(
-                Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                inner
-                    .next()
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .into_inner()
-                    .map(TypeExpr::from)
-                    .collect(),
-            ),
-
-            Rule::enum_struct => EnumItem::Struct(
-                Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                inner
-                    .next()
-                    .map(|pair| pair.into_inner().map(FieldDecl::from).collect())
-                    .unwrap_or_default(),
-            ),
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Block {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<Rule>) -> Self {
-        let statements = pair
-            .into_inner()
-            .flat_map(|pair| {
-                if pair.as_rule() == Rule::statement_list {
-                    pair.into_inner().map(Statement::from).collect()
-                } else {
-                    vec![Statement::from(pair)]
-                }
-            })
-            .collect();
-        Block(statements)
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Statement {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::statement => Statement::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-
-            Rule::expr_stmt => Statement::Expression(Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-
-            Rule::block => Statement::Block(Block::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-
-            Rule::var_decl_statement => Statement::VarDecl(VarDeclStmt::from(pair)),
-
-            Rule::return_stmt => {
-                let expr = inner.next().map(Expression::from);
-
-                Statement::Return(expr)
-            }
-
-            Rule::break_stmt => Statement::Break,
-
-            Rule::continue_stmt => Statement::Continue,
-
-            Rule::if_stmt => {
-                let mut inner = inner.skip(2);
-
-                Statement::If {
-                    initial: pair.into(),
-                    else_if: inner
-                        .next()
-                        .unwrap()
-                        .into_inner()
-                        .map(StatementBranch::from)
-                        .collect(),
-                    else_branch: inner.next().map(Statement::from).map(Box::new),
-                }
-            }
-
-            Rule::while_stmt => Statement::While(pair.into()),
-
-            Rule::c_for_stmt => Statement::CStyleFor {
-                init: Box::new(Statement::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-                condition: inner.next().unwrap().into(),
-                update: Box::new(Statement::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-                body: Box::new(Statement::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-            },
-
-            Rule::for_stmt => Statement::For {
-                mutable: listen_rule(&mut inner, Rule::mutable),
-                pattern: Pattern::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                iterator: inner.next().unwrap().into(),
-                body: Box::new(Statement::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-            },
-
-            Rule::assign_statement => Statement::VarAssign(VarAssignStmt {
-                target: Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                value: Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-            }),
-
-            Rule::match_stmt => Statement::Match(
-                Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                inner
-                    .map(|match_itms| {
-                        let mut match_inner = match_itms.into_inner();
-                        (
-                            Pattern::from(match_inner.next().unwrap()),
-                            Block::from(match_inner.next().unwrap()),
-                        )
-                    })
-                    .collect(),
-            ),
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Literal {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::primary => Self::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-            Rule::literal => Self::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-            Rule::integer => Literal::Int(pair.as_str().parse::<i64>().unwrap()),
-            Rule::float => Literal::Float(pair.as_str().parse::<f64>().unwrap()),
-            Rule::boolean => Literal::Bool(pair.as_str().parse::<bool>().unwrap()),
-            Rule::string_lit => Literal::String(inner.as_str().to_string()),
-            Rule::tuple => Literal::Tuple(inner.map(Expression::from).collect()),
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Expression {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::expr => {
-                let prefixes: Vec<Prefix> = inner
-                    .next()
-                    .map(|p| p.into_inner().into_iter().map(Prefix::from).collect())
-                    .unwrap_or_default();
-
-                let exp = Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-
-                if inner.len() > 0 || prefixes.len() > 0 {
-                    Expression::Fix {
-                        initial: Box::new(exp),
-                        prefixes,
-                        postfixes: inner.map(|p| Postfix::from(p)).collect(),
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    exp
-                }
-            }
-            Rule::primary => Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-            Rule::static_path => Expression::Path(Path::from(pair)),
-            Rule::literal => Expression::Literal(Literal::from(pair)),
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Prefix {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<Rule>) -> Self {
-        match pair.as_rule() {
-            Rule::prefix => Self::from(pair.into_inner().next().unwrap()),
-            Rule::deref_px => Self::Deref,
-            Rule::mut_ref_px => Self::RefMut,
-            Rule::ref_px => Self::Ref,
-            Rule::new_px => Self::New,
-            Rule::not_px => Self::Not,
-            _ => unimplemented!("{pair:#?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Postfix {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::postfix => Postfix::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-
-            Rule::field_px => Postfix::FieldAccess(Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-
-            Rule::call_px => Postfix::Call(inner.map(Expression::from).collect()),
-
-            Rule::struct_px => Postfix::StructCall(
-                inner
-                    .map(|p| {
-                        let mut pi = p.into_inner();
-                        (
-                            Identifier::from(pi.next().unwrap()),
-                            Expression::from(pi.next().unwrap()),
-                        )
-                    })
-                    .collect(),
-            ),
-
-            Rule::index_px => Postfix::Index(Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap())),
-
-            Rule::binary_px => {
-                let op_pair = inner.next().unwrap();
-                let op = match op_pair.as_str() {
-                    "+" => BinaryOp::Plus,
-                    "-" => BinaryOp::Minus,
-                    "*" => BinaryOp::Multiply,
-                    "/" => BinaryOp::Divide,
-                    "%" => BinaryOp::Modulo,
-                    "==" => BinaryOp::Equal,
-                    "!=" => BinaryOp::NotEqual,
-                    "<" => BinaryOp::LessThan,
-                    ">" => BinaryOp::GreaterThan,
-                    "<=" => BinaryOp::LessThanOrEqual,
-                    ">=" => BinaryOp::GreaterThanOrEqual,
-                    "&&" => BinaryOp::And,
-                    "||" => BinaryOp::Or,
-
-                    _ => {
-                        unimplemented!("Binary operator not implemented yet: {}", op_pair.as_str())
         }
     };
-                Postfix::Binary(op, Expression::from(inner.next().unwrap()))
 }
 
-            Rule::macro_call_px => Postfix::MacroCall(inner.as_str().to_string()),
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! ast_expr {
+    ($($item:ident)::+ { $($k:ident: $v:expr),* $(,)? }) => {{
+        let mut analyzer = $crate::error::AstErrorAnalyzer(None);
 
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:#?}"),
+        let v = $($item)::+ { $($k: analyzer.get($v).get()?),* };
-        }
-    }
-}
 
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for VarDeclStmt {
+        analyzer.build(v)
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
+    }};
-        match pair.as_rule() {
-            Rule::var_decl_statement => {
-                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
 
-                let decl = VarDecl::from(inner.next().unwrap());
+    ($($item:ident)::+ ( $($v:expr),* $(,)? )) => {{
+        let mut analyzer = $crate::error::AstErrorAnalyzer(None);
 
-                let init = inner.next().map(Expression::from);
+        let v = $($item)::+ ( $(analyzer.get($v).get()?),* );
 
-                VarDeclStmt { decl, init }
+        analyzer.build(v)
-            }
+    }};
 
-            _ => unimplemented!(),
+    ($($item:ident)::+) => {
-        }
+        $($item)::+
-    }
+    };
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for FieldDeclStmt {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        match pair.as_rule() {
-            Rule::class_field => {
-                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-                let decl = FieldDecl::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-
-                let init = inner.next().map(Expression::from);
-
-                FieldDeclStmt { decl, init }
-            }
-
-            _ => unimplemented!(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Pattern {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let rule = pair.as_rule();
-        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
-
-        match rule {
-            Rule::tuple_pattern => Pattern::Tuple(inner.map(Identifier::from).collect()),
-
-            Rule::named_tuple_pattern => Pattern::NamedTuple(
-                Path::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                inner.map(Identifier::from).collect(),
-            ),
-
-            Rule::struct_pattern => Pattern::Struct(
-                Path::from(inner.next().unwrap()),
-                inner.map(Identifier::from).collect(),
-            ),
-
-            Rule::literal => Pattern::Literal(Literal::from(pair)),
-
-            Rule::identifier => Pattern::Id(Identifier::from(pair)),
-
-            Rule::static_path => Pattern::Path(Path::from(pair)),
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{rule:?}"),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for VarDecl {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        match pair.as_rule() {
-            Rule::var_decl => {
-                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-                let type_ = inner.next().and_then(|pair| {
-                    if pair.as_str().trim() == "var" {
-                        None
-                    } else {
-                        Some(TypeExpr::from(pair))
-                    }
-                });
-                let mutable = listen_rule(&mut inner, Rule::mutable);
-
-                let name = Pattern::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-
-                VarDecl {
-                    mutable,
-                    name,
-                    type_,
-                }
-            }
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{:?}", pair.as_rule()),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for FieldDecl {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        match pair.as_rule() {
-            Rule::field => {
-                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-
-                let visibility = Visibility::from(&mut inner);
-                let type_ = TypeExpr::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-                let name = Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-
-                FieldDecl {
-                    visibility,
-                    type_,
-                    name,
-                }
-            }
-
-            _ => unimplemented!("{:?}", pair.as_rule()),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for FunctionDecl {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
-        let visibility = Visibility::from(&mut inner);
-        let return_type = TypeExpr::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-        let name = Identifier::from(inner.next().unwrap());
-        let generics = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
-            .map(Generics::from)
-            .unwrap_or_default();
-
-        let self_param = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::self_param).map(|param| {
-            let mut param_inner = param.into_inner();
-            let name = Pattern::Id(Identifier(String::from("self")));
-
-            let mutable = listen_rule(&mut param_inner, Rule::mutable);
-
-            let is_ref = listen_rule(&mut param_inner, Rule::deref_px);
-
-            VarDecl {
-                mutable: mutable && !is_ref,
-                name: name.clone(),
-                type_: Some(TypeExpr(
-                    TypeExprKind::Path(Path(vec![Identifier("Self".to_string())])),
-                    if is_ref {
-                        vec![if mutable {
-                            TypePostfix::RefMut
-                        } else {
-                            TypePostfix::Ref
-                        }]
-                    } else {
-                        Vec::new()
-                    },
-                )),
-            }
-        });
-
-        let params = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::param_list)
-            .map({
-                let self_param = self_param.clone();
-                |params_pair| {
-                    let mut params = ParamList::from(params_pair);
-                    if let Some(x) = self_param {
-                        params.0.insert(0, x);
-                    }
-                    params
-                }
-            })
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| ParamList(self_param.into_iter().collect()));
-
-        let body = inner.next().map(Block::from);
-
-        Self {
-            visibility,
-            name,
-            generics,
-            params,
-            return_type,
-            body,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl From<&mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'_, Rule>> for Visibility {
-    fn from(pairs: &mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        if listen_rule(pairs, Rule::export) {
-            Visibility::Public
-        } else {
-            Visibility::Private
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub fn listen_rule(pairs: &mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'_, Rule>, rule: Rule) -> bool {
-    let consumed = pairs
-        .peek()
-        .map(|p| p.as_rule() == rule)
-        .unwrap_or_default();
-
-    if consumed {
-        pairs.next();
-    }
-
-    consumed
-}
-
-pub fn consume_rule<'a>(
-    pairs: &mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'a, Rule>,
-    rule: Rule,
-) -> Option<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> {
-    let consumed = pairs
-        .peek()
-        .map(|p| p.as_rule() == rule)
-        .unwrap_or_default();
-
-    if consumed { pairs.next() } else { None }
-}
-
-impl From<pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>> for Identifier {
-    fn from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'_, Rule>) -> Self {
-        Identifier(pair.as_str().to_string())
-    }
 }

parser/src/parser/common/decl.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    ast_expr,
+    error::{AstError, AstResult, IntoErr},
+    parser::listen_rule,
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for VarDeclStmt {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match pair.as_rule() {
+            Rule::var_decl_statement => {
+                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+
+                ast_expr!(VarDeclStmt {
+                    decl: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                    init: inner.next().map(Expression::try_from).transpose()
+                })
+            }
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for FieldDeclStmt {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match pair.as_rule() {
+            Rule::class_field => {
+                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+
+                ast_expr!(FieldDeclStmt {
+                    decl: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                    init: inner.next().map(Expression::try_from).transpose(),
+                })
+            }
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for VarDecl {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match pair.as_rule() {
+            Rule::var_decl => {
+                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+
+                let type_ = inner
+                    .next()
+                    .and_then(|pair| {
+                        if pair.as_str().trim() == "var" {
+                            None
+                        } else {
+                            Some(TypeExpr::try_from(pair))
+                        }
+                    })
+                    .transpose();
+
+                let mutable: AstResult<'_, bool> = Ok(listen_rule(&mut inner, Rule::mutable));
+
+                let name = Pattern::try_from(inner.next().unwrap());
+
+                ast_expr!(VarDecl {
+                    type_: type_,
+                    mutable: mutable,
+                    name: name,
+                })
+            }
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for FieldDecl {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match pair.as_rule() {
+            Rule::field => {
+                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+
+                ast_expr!(FieldDecl {
+                    visibility: Visibility::try_from(&mut inner),
+                    type_: TypeExpr::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+                    name: Identifier::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+                })
+            }
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/common/expr.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    ast_expr,
+    error::{AstError, GetLength, IntoErr, collect_recovered, collect_recovered_map},
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Expression {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::expr => {
+                let prefixes = inner
+                    .next()
+                    .map(|p| collect_recovered::<Prefix, Prefix>(p.into_inner()))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|| Ok(Vec::new()));
+
+                let exp = Expression::try_from(inner.next().unwrap());
+
+                if inner.len() > 0 || prefixes.len() > 0 {
+                    ast_expr!(Expression::Fix {
+                        initial: exp.map(Box::new),
+                        prefixes: prefixes,
+                        postfixes: collect_recovered(inner),
+                    })
+                } else {
+                    exp
+                }
+            }
+
+            Rule::primary => inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+            Rule::static_path => ast_expr!(Expression::Path(pair.try_into())),
+            Rule::literal => ast_expr!(Expression::Literal(pair.try_into())),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Prefix {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(match pair.as_rule() {
+            Rule::prefix => Self::try_from(pair.into_inner().next().unwrap())?,
+            Rule::deref_px => Self::Deref,
+            Rule::mut_ref_px => Self::RefMut,
+            Rule::ref_px => Self::Ref,
+            Rule::new_px => Self::New,
+            Rule::not_px => Self::Not,
+
+            _ => return AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Postfix {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::postfix => Postfix::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+
+            Rule::field_px => {
+                ast_expr!(Postfix::FieldAccess(inner.next().unwrap().try_into()))
+            }
+
+            Rule::call_px => ast_expr!(Postfix::Call(collect_recovered(inner))),
+
+            Rule::struct_px => ast_expr!(Postfix::StructCall(collect_recovered_map(inner, |p| {
+                let mut pi = p.into_inner();
+                Ok((
+                    Identifier::try_from(pi.next().unwrap())?,
+                    Expression::try_from(pi.next().unwrap()).get()?,
+                ))
+            }))),
+
+            Rule::index_px => {
+                ast_expr!(Postfix::Index(Expression::try_from(inner.next().unwrap())))
+            }
+
+            Rule::binary_px => {
+                let op_pair = inner.next().unwrap();
+                let op = match op_pair.as_str() {
+                    "+" => BinaryOp::Plus,
+                    "-" => BinaryOp::Minus,
+                    "*" => BinaryOp::Multiply,
+                    "/" => BinaryOp::Divide,
+                    "%" => BinaryOp::Modulo,
+                    "==" => BinaryOp::Equal,
+                    "!=" => BinaryOp::NotEqual,
+                    "<" => BinaryOp::LessThan,
+                    ">" => BinaryOp::GreaterThan,
+                    "<=" => BinaryOp::LessThanOrEqual,
+                    ">=" => BinaryOp::GreaterThanOrEqual,
+                    "&&" => BinaryOp::And,
+                    "||" => BinaryOp::Or,
+
+                    _ => return AstError::bug_unimplemented(op_pair),
+                };
+
+                Ok(Postfix::Binary(op, inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?))
+            }
+
+            Rule::macro_call_px => Ok(Postfix::MacroCall(inner.as_str().to_string())),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/common/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+pub mod decl;
+pub mod expr;
+pub mod statement;
+pub mod types;
+
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    ast_ensure, ast_expr,
+    error::{AstError, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+    parser::consume_rule,
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Identifier {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        ast_ensure!(pair, Rule::identifier => {
+            Ok(Identifier(pair.as_str().to_string()))
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Path {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match pair.as_rule() {
+            Rule::static_path => Ok(Path(collect_recovered(pair.into_inner()).get()?)),
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Literal {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        Ok(match rule {
+            Rule::primary => Self::try_from(inner.next().unwrap())?,
+            Rule::literal => Self::try_from(inner.next().unwrap())?,
+            Rule::integer => Literal::Int(pair.as_str().parse::<i64>().unwrap()),
+            Rule::float => Literal::Float(pair.as_str().parse::<f64>().unwrap()),
+            Rule::boolean => Literal::Bool(pair.as_str().parse::<bool>().unwrap()),
+            Rule::string_lit => Literal::String(inner.as_str().to_string()),
+            Rule::tuple => Literal::Tuple(collect_recovered(inner).get()?),
+            _ => return AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Pattern {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::tuple_pattern => ast_expr!(Pattern::Tuple(collect_recovered(pair.into_inner()))),
+
+            Rule::named_tuple_pattern => ast_expr!(Pattern::NamedTuple(
+                Path::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+                collect_recovered(inner),
+            )),
+
+            Rule::struct_pattern => ast_expr!(Pattern::Struct(
+                Path::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+                collect_recovered(inner),
+            )),
+
+            Rule::literal => ast_expr!(Pattern::Literal(pair.try_into())),
+
+            Rule::identifier => ast_expr!(Pattern::Id(pair.try_into())),
+
+            Rule::static_path => ast_expr!(Pattern::Path(pair.try_into())),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<&mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'a, Rule>> for Visibility {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pairs: &mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(consume_rule(pairs, Rule::visibility)
+            .map(|pair| -> Result<Visibility, AstError<'a, Self>> {
+                if let Some(path) = pair.into_inner().next() {
+                    ast_expr!(Visibility::PublicTarget(Path::try_from(path)))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(Visibility::Public)
+                }
+            })
+            .transpose()?
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| Visibility::Private))
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/common/statement.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    ast_ensure, ast_expr,
+    error::{AstError, AstResult, ErrorCode, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+    parser::listen_rule,
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Block {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        ast_ensure!(pair, Rule::block => {
+            ast_expr!(Block(collect_recovered(pair.into_inner())))
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for StatementBranch {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        ast_ensure!(pair, Rule::statement_branch => {
+            ast_expr!(StatementBranch {
+                condition: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                body: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().map(Box::new),
+            })
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Statement {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::statement => Statement::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+
+            Rule::expr_stmt => {
+                ast_expr!(Statement::Expression(inner.next().unwrap().try_into()))
+            }
+
+            Rule::block => ast_expr!(Statement::Block(pair.try_into())),
+
+            Rule::var_decl_statement => ast_expr!(Statement::VarDecl(pair.try_into())),
+
+            Rule::return_stmt => {
+                ast_expr!(Statement::Return(
+                    inner.next().map(Expression::try_from).transpose()
+                ))
+            }
+
+            Rule::break_stmt => Ok(Statement::Break),
+
+            Rule::continue_stmt => Ok(Statement::Continue),
+
+            Rule::if_stmt => {
+                ast_expr!(Statement::If {
+                    initial: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                    else_if: collect_recovered(inner.next().unwrap().into_inner()),
+                    else_branch: inner
+                        .next()
+                        .map(Statement::try_from)
+                        .transpose()
+                        .map(|v| v.map(Box::new))
+                        .get_map(|v| { Some(Box::new(v)) }),
+                })
+            }
+
+            Rule::while_stmt => ast_expr!(Statement::While(inner.next().unwrap().try_into())),
+
+            Rule::c_for_stmt => ast_expr!(Statement::CStyleFor {
+                init: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().map(Box::new),
+                condition: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                update: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().map(Box::new),
+                body: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().map(Box::new),
+            }),
+
+            Rule::for_stmt => ast_expr!(Statement::For {
+                mutable: Ok(listen_rule(&mut inner, Rule::mutable)) as AstResult<'_, bool>,
+                pattern: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                iterator: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                body: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().map(Box::new),
+            }),
+
+            Rule::assign_statement => ast_expr!(VarAssignStmt {
+                target: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                value: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+            })
+            .map(Statement::VarAssign)
+            .get_map(Statement::VarAssign),
+
+            Rule::match_stmt => ast_expr!(Statement::Match(
+                inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                inner
+                    .map(|match_itms| {
+                        let mut match_inner = match_itms.into_inner();
+                        Ok((
+                            Pattern::try_from(match_inner.next().unwrap()).get()?,
+                            Block::try_from(match_inner.next().unwrap()).get()?,
+                        ))
+                    })
+                    .collect::<AstResult<'a, Vec<_>>>(),
+            )),
+
+            Rule::unexpected_statement => {
+                return Err(AstError {
+                    span: pair.as_span(),
+                    error_code: ErrorCode::InvalidStatement,
+                    error_message: "Invalid Statement".to_string(),
+                    recovered: None,
+                });
+            }
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/common/types.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    ast_expr,
+    error::{AstError, GetLength, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+    parser::{consume_rule, listen_rule},
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for TypePostfix {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::ref_type => {
+                let mutable = listen_rule(&mut inner, Rule::mutable);
+                let lifetime = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::lifetime)
+                    .map(|pair| Identifier::try_from(pair.into_inner().next().unwrap()))
+                    .transpose()
+                    .get()?;
+
+                Ok(if mutable {
+                    if let Some(lifetime) = lifetime {
+                        TypePostfix::RefMutLifetime(lifetime)
+                    } else {
+                        TypePostfix::RefMut
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if let Some(lifetime) = lifetime {
+                        TypePostfix::RefLifetime(lifetime)
+                    } else {
+                        TypePostfix::Ref
+                    }
+                })
+            }
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for TypeExprKind {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::tuple_type => ast_expr!(TypeExprKind::Tuple(collect_recovered(inner))),
+            Rule::path_type => {
+                let path = Path::try_from(inner.next().unwrap());
+                let params = collect_recovered(inner);
+
+                if params.len() == 0 {
+                    ast_expr!(TypeExprKind::Path(path))
+                } else {
+                    ast_expr!(TypeExprKind::PathParams(path, params))
+                }
+            }
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for TypeExpr {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::type_expr => ast_expr!(TypeExpr(
+                inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                collect_recovered(inner),
+            )),
+            Rule::type_expr_param => Self::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+            Rule::lifetime => ast_expr!(TypeExprKind::Lifetime(inner.next().unwrap().try_into()))
+                .get_map(TypeExpr::no_px)
+                .map(TypeExpr::no_px),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Generics {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::generics => ast_expr!(Generics(collect_recovered(inner))),
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Generic {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        if let Some(pair) = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::lifetime) {
+            ast_expr!(Generic::Lifetime(
+                pair.into_inner().next().unwrap().try_into(),
+            ))
+        } else {
+            ast_expr!(Generic::Type(
+                inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+                collect_recovered(inner),
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/items/attribute.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    error::{AstError, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for Attribute {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        match pair.as_rule() {
+            Rule::attribute => {
+                // unwrap #[ ... ]
+                Attribute::try_from(pair.into_inner().next().unwrap())
+            }
+
+            Rule::meta => {
+                let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+
+                // first item is always the path
+                let path = inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?;
+
+                // check what comes next
+                match inner.next() {
+                    None => {
+                        // #[path]
+                        Ok(Attribute::Path(path))
+                    }
+
+                    Some(next) => match next.as_rule() {
+                        Rule::primary => {
+                            // #[path = literal]
+                            Ok(Attribute::NameValue {
+                                path,
+                                value: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?,
+                            })
+                        }
+
+                        Rule::meta_list => {
+                            // #[path(...)]
+                            Ok(Attribute::List {
+                                path,
+                                items: collect_recovered(next.into_inner()).get()?,
+                            })
+                        }
+
+                        _ => unreachable!("unexpected rule in meta: {:?}", next.as_rule()),
+                    },
+                }
+            }
+
+            Rule::meta_list => {
+                // This case usually won't be hit directly,
+                // but it's nice to keep it safe if reused
+                let items = pair
+                    .into_inner()
+                    .map(Attribute::try_from)
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+                // NOTE: this shouldn't normally construct an Attribute alone
+                // but you can panic or wrap depending on your design
+                panic!("meta_list should be handled inside meta: {:?}", items);
+            }
+
+            _ => unreachable!("unexpected rule: {:?}", pair.as_rule()),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/items/class.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    error::{AstError, IntoErr},
+    parser::consume_rule,
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for ClassConstructor {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            visibility: Visibility::try_from(&mut inner).get()?,
+
+            generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+                .map(Generics::try_from)
+                .transpose()
+                .get()?
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+
+            params: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::param_list)
+                .map(ParamList::try_from)
+                .transpose()
+                .get()?
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+
+            body: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for ClassItem {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::impl_decl | Rule::impl_for_decl => {
+                Ok(ClassItem::ImplDecl(pair.try_into().get()?))
+            }
+
+            Rule::method => Ok(ClassItem::Method(pair.try_into().get()?)),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/items/enums.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    error::{AstError, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for EnumItem {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::enum_named => Ok(EnumItem::Named(inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?)),
+
+            Rule::enum_tuple => Ok(EnumItem::Tuple(
+                inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?,
+                collect_recovered(inner.next().unwrap().into_inner()).get()?,
+            )),
+
+            Rule::enum_struct => Ok(EnumItem::Struct(
+                inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?,
+                inner
+                    .next()
+                    .map(|pair| collect_recovered::<FieldDecl, FieldDecl>(pair.into_inner()))
+                    .transpose()
+                    .get()?
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
+            )),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/items/function.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    ast_expr,
+    error::{AstError, AstResult, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+    parser::{consume_rule, listen_rule},
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for FunctionDecl {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+        let visibility = Visibility::try_from(&mut inner);
+        let return_type = TypeExpr::try_from(inner.next().unwrap());
+        let name = Identifier::try_from(inner.next().unwrap());
+
+        let generics = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+            .map(Generics::try_from)
+            .transpose()
+            .map(|v| v.unwrap_or_default());
+
+        let self_param = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::self_param).map(|param| {
+            let mut param_inner = param.into_inner();
+            let name = Pattern::Id(Identifier(String::from("self")));
+
+            let mutable = listen_rule(&mut param_inner, Rule::mutable);
+
+            let is_ref = listen_rule(&mut param_inner, Rule::deref_px);
+
+            VarDecl {
+                mutable: mutable && !is_ref,
+                name: name.clone(),
+                type_: Some(TypeExpr(
+                    TypeExprKind::Path(Path(vec![Identifier("Self".to_string())])),
+                    if is_ref {
+                        vec![if mutable {
+                            TypePostfix::RefMut
+                        } else {
+                            TypePostfix::Ref
+                        }]
+                    } else {
+                        Vec::new()
+                    },
+                )),
+            }
+        });
+
+        let params = consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::param_list)
+            .map({
+                let self_param = self_param.clone();
+                |params_pair| -> AstResult<'a, ParamList> {
+                    let mut params = ParamList::try_from(params_pair)?;
+                    if let Some(x) = self_param {
+                        params.0.insert(0, x);
+                    }
+                    Ok(params)
+                }
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| Ok(ParamList(self_param.into_iter().collect())));
+
+        let body = inner.next().map(Block::try_from).transpose();
+
+        ast_expr!(Self {
+            visibility: visibility,
+            return_type: return_type,
+            name: name,
+            generics: generics,
+            params: params,
+            body: body,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for ParamList {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        Ok(ParamList(collect_recovered(pair.into_inner()).get()?))
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/items/impl_decl.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    error::{AstError, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+    parser::consume_rule,
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for ImplDecl {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::impl_for_decl => Ok(ImplDecl {
+                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+                    .map(Generics::try_from)
+                    .transpose()
+                    .get()?
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
+                trait_: Some(inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?),
+                target: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?,
+                methods: collect_recovered(inner).get()?,
+            }),
+
+            Rule::impl_decl => Ok(ImplDecl {
+                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+                    .map(Generics::try_from)
+                    .transpose()
+                    .get()?
+                    .unwrap_or_default(),
+                trait_: None,
+                target: inner.next().unwrap().try_into().get()?,
+                methods: collect_recovered(inner).get()?,
+            }),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/items/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+pub mod attribute;
+pub mod class;
+pub mod enums;
+pub mod function;
+pub mod impl_decl;
+
+use crate::{
+    Rule,
+    ast::*,
+    ast_expr,
+    error::{AstError, IntoErr, collect_recovered},
+    parser::consume_rule,
+};
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for TopLevel {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let mut inner = pair.into_inner();
+
+        let attributes = collect_recovered(inner.next().unwrap().into_inner());
+
+        ast_expr!(TopLevel(
+            inner
+                .next()
+                .map(TopLevelKind::try_from)
+                .unwrap_or(Ok(TopLevelKind::ModAttribute)),
+            attributes,
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a> TryFrom<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> for TopLevelKind {
+    type Error = AstError<'a, Self>;
+
+    fn try_from(pair: pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let rule = pair.as_rule();
+        let mut inner = pair.clone().into_inner();
+
+        match rule {
+            Rule::import => ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::Import(
+                Visibility::try_from(&mut inner),
+                Path::try_from(inner.next().unwrap()),
+            )),
+
+            Rule::function_decl => ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::FunctionDecl(pair.try_into())),
+
+            Rule::struct_decl => ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::StructDecl {
+                visibility: Visibility::try_from(&mut inner),
+
+                name: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+
+                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+                    .map(Generics::try_from)
+                    .transpose()
+                    .map(|v| v.unwrap_or_default()),
+
+                fields: inner
+                    .next()
+                    .map(|pair| collect_recovered::<FieldDecl, FieldDecl>(pair.into_inner()))
+                    .transpose()
+                    .map(|v| v.unwrap_or_default()),
+            }),
+
+            Rule::class_decl => ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::ClassDecl {
+                visibility: Visibility::try_from(&mut inner),
+
+                name: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+
+                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+                    .map(Generics::try_from)
+                    .transpose()
+                    .map(|v| v.unwrap_or_default()),
+
+                fields: collect_recovered(inner.next().unwrap().into_inner()),
+
+                constructor: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+
+                items: collect_recovered(inner),
+            }),
+
+            Rule::enum_decl => ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::EnumDecl {
+                visibility: Visibility::try_from(&mut inner),
+
+                name: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+
+                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+                    .map(Generics::try_from)
+                    .transpose()
+                    .map(|v| v.unwrap_or_default()),
+
+                fields: collect_recovered(inner),
+            }),
+
+            Rule::mod_package => ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::Mod(
+                Visibility::try_from(&mut inner),
+                inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+            )),
+
+            Rule::impl_for_decl | Rule::impl_decl => {
+                ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::ImplDecl(pair.try_into()))
+            }
+
+            Rule::trait_decl => ast_expr!(TopLevelKind::TraitDecl {
+                visibility: Visibility::try_from(&mut inner),
+
+                name: inner.next().unwrap().try_into(),
+
+                generics: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::generics)
+                    .map(Generics::try_from)
+                    .transpose()
+                    .map(|v| v.unwrap_or_default()),
+
+                requirements: consume_rule(&mut inner, Rule::trait_requirements)
+                    .map(|pair| collect_recovered::<TypeExpr, TypeExpr>(pair.into_inner()))
+                    .transpose()
+                    .map(|v| v.unwrap_or_default()),
+
+                items: collect_recovered(inner),
+            }),
+
+            _ => AstError::bug_unimplemented(pair),
+        }
+    }
+}

parser/src/parser/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+pub mod common;
+pub mod items;
+
+use crate::Rule;
+
+pub fn listen_rule(pairs: &mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'_, Rule>, rule: Rule) -> bool {
+    let consumed = pairs
+        .peek()
+        .map(|p| p.as_rule() == rule)
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+
+    if consumed {
+        pairs.next();
+    }
+
+    consumed
+}
+
+pub fn consume_rule<'a>(
+    pairs: &mut pest::iterators::Pairs<'a, Rule>,
+    rule: Rule,
+) -> Option<pest::iterators::Pair<'a, Rule>> {
+    let consumed = pairs
+        .peek()
+        .map(|p| p.as_rule() == rule)
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+
+    if consumed { pairs.next() } else { None }
+}

src/codegen.rs

@@ -312,8 +312,10 @@ impl ToRust for TopLevelKind {
     fn to_rust(&self, cg: &mut RustCodegen) {
         match self {
             Self::ModAttribute => {}
-            Self::Import(path) => cg.addln(&format!("use {};", path.get_rust())),
+            Self::Import(vis, path) => {
-            Self::Mod(id) => cg.addln(&format!("mod {};", id.get_rust())),
+                cg.addln(&format!("{} use {};", vis.get_rust(), path.get_rust()))
+            }
+            Self::Mod(vis, id) => cg.addln(&format!("{} mod {};", vis.get_rust(), id.get_rust())),
             Self::FunctionDecl(decl) => decl.to_rust(cg),
             Self::ImplDecl(impl_) => impl_.to_rust(cg),
             Self::StructDecl {
@@ -739,10 +741,10 @@ impl GetRust for TypePostfix {
 impl GetRust for Visibility {
     fn get_rust(&self) -> String {
         match self {
-            Visibility::Public => "pub ",
+            Visibility::Public => "pub ".to_string(),
-            Visibility::Private => "",
+            Visibility::PublicTarget(path) => format!("pub({}) ", path.get_rust()),
+            Visibility::Private => "".to_string(),
         }
-        .to_string()
     }
 }
 

src/compiler.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use std::{
     time::Instant,
 };
 
+use mist_parser::error::ParseError;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 
 #[derive(Deserialize)]
@@ -100,7 +101,25 @@ fn build_dir(root: &Path, base_src: &Path, current_dir: &Path, out_dir: &Path) {
             }
         };
 
-        let parser_result = mist_parser::parse(&source).map_err(|e| e.to_string());
+        let parser_result = mist_parser::parse(&source).map_err(|e| match e {
+            ParseError::Ast(e) => {
+                let start_pos = e.span.start_pos().line_col();
+
+                let span = e.span.as_str();
+
+                format!(
+                    "\n{}:{}:{}\n \x1b[31mError\x1b[0m: {}\n\t{}{}\t{}",
+                    path.as_os_str().display(),
+                    start_pos.0,
+                    start_pos.1,
+                    e.error_message,
+                    span,
+                    if span.ends_with("\n") { "" } else { "\n" },
+                    "^".repeat(span.trim().len()),
+                )
+            }
+            ParseError::PreAst(e) => format!("{e}"),
+        });
 
         let ast = match parser_result {
             Ok(ast) => ast,

src/main.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::process;
+use std::process::{self, Command};
 
 pub mod codegen;
 pub mod compiler;
@@ -12,13 +12,11 @@ fn main() {
     }
 
     match args[1].as_str() {
-        "build" => {
+        "run" | "build" | "r" | "b" => {
-            if args.len() < 2 {
-                eprintln!("error: expected a file path\n  usage: mist build");
-                process::exit(1);
-            }
             compiler::build();
+            Command::new("cargo").args(&args[1..]).status().unwrap();
         }
+        "transpile" | "t" => compiler::build(),
         "version" | "--version" | "-v" => {
             println!("mist {}", env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION"));
         }
@@ -34,11 +32,17 @@ fn main() {
 }
 
 fn print_usage() {
-    println!("mist - the mist compiler");
+    println!("Mist - the mist compiler\n");
-    println!();
+    println!("󰖟 View our documentation! \x1b[35mhttps://mist.selimaj.dev\x1b[0m");
+    println!(" Follow us on github!    \x1b[35mhttps://github.com/mist-go\x1b[0m\n");
     println!("usage:");
-    println!("  mist build             compile the project in the current directory");
+    println!(" \x1b[36m mist run\x1b[0m               run the project in the current directory\n");
-    println!("  mist check <file.ms>   parse and validate without compiling");
+    println!(
-    println!("  mist version           print the compiler version");
+        " \x1b[36m mist build\x1b[0m             build the project in the current directory\n"
-    println!("  mist help              print this message");
+    );
+    println!(
+        " \x1b[36m mist transpile\x1b[0m         transpile the project in the current directory\n"
+    );
+    println!(" \x1b[36m mist version \x1b[0m          print the compiler version\n");
+    println!(" \x1b[36m mist help\x1b[0m              print this message\n");
 }