Motors

2025-07-20 10:31:01 -05:00
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+# Motor Research
+The research for better motor tech. We will be comparing between different kinds of motors in order to gain a better understanding of them.
+### Priorities
+- **Efficiency**: Current efficiency range (70/87%), goal (90-95%), efficiency is measured in output power (rpm/torque) per watt.
+- **Reliability**: Withstand a long duration of high throttle and extreme conditions of weather.
+
+## BLDC vs PMSM
+| Feature                  | **BLDC (Brush-less DC Motor)**          | **PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)**   |
+| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
+| **Rotor**                | Permanent magnets                      | Permanent magnets                               |
+| **Stator winding**       | Trapezoidal                            | Sinusoidal                                      |
+| **Back-EMF waveform**    | Trapezoidal                            | Sinusoidal                                      |
+| **Control**              | Typically 6-step (commutation)         | Field-Oriented Control (FOC) / sinusoidal       |
+| **Torque ripple**        | Higher (due to 6-step commutation)     | Lower (smooth sinusoidal control)               |
+| **Efficiency (general)** | Slightly lower                         | Slightly higher                                 |
+| **Cost and complexity**  | Lower cost, simpler control            | Higher cost, more complex control               |
+| **Applications**         | Fans, RC planes, e-bikes, hobby motors | EVs, drones, industrial drives, high-end motors |
+
+## BLDC - Brush-less DC motor
+<img src="images/bldc.png" alt="BLDC motor" height=300 />
+
+## PMSM - Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
+<img src="images/pmsm.png" alt="PMSM motor" height=300 />