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# Motor Research
The research for better motor tech. We will be comparing between different kinds of motors in order to gain a better understanding of them.
### Priorities
- **Efficiency**: Current efficiency range (70/87%), goal (90-95%), efficiency is measured in output power (rpm/torque) per watt.
- **Reliability**: Withstand a long duration of high throttle and extreme conditions of weather.
## BLDC vs PMSM
| Feature | **BLDC (Brush-less DC Motor)** | **PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)** |
| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| **Rotor** | Permanent magnets | Permanent magnets |
| **Stator winding** | Trapezoidal | Sinusoidal |
| **Back-EMF waveform** | Trapezoidal | Sinusoidal |
| **Control** | Typically 6-step (commutation) | Field-Oriented Control (FOC) / sinusoidal |
| **Torque ripple** | Higher (due to 6-step commutation) | Lower (smooth sinusoidal control) |
| **Efficiency (general)** | Slightly lower | Slightly higher |
| **Cost and complexity** | Lower cost, simpler control | Higher cost, more complex control |
| **Applications** | Fans, RC planes, e-bikes, hobby motors | EVs, drones, industrial drives, high-end motors |
## BLDC - Brush-less DC motor
<img src="images/bldc.png" alt="BLDC motor" height=300 />
## PMSM - Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
<img src="images/pmsm.png" alt="PMSM motor" height=300 />